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Art. 49 Part IV: Directive Principles of State Policy

Protection of Monuments and Places of National Importance

Exact text — Constitution of India

It shall be the obligation of the State to protect every monument or place or object of artistic or historic interest, [declared by or under law made by Parliament] to be of national importance, from spoliation, disfigurement, destruction, removal, disposal or export, as the case may be.

In Plain English

What this Article actually means

This Article directs the State to actively protect India's declared national monuments and heritage sites/objects from damage, destruction, or illegal removal — implemented mainly through the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958, administered by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).
Why This Matters To You

How it shows up in everyday life

This is why damaging, defacing, or illegally excavating a protected monument (like a heritage fort, temple complex, or archaeological site) is a criminal offence, and why exporting certain antiquities without authorisation is restricted.

How This Is Enforced

Laws and mechanisms that put this Article into practice

Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958

The main implementing law, giving the ASI power to protect and regulate access to nationally important monuments and sites.

Frequently Asked

Quick answers about Article 49

Can I be punished for damaging a protected heritage site?
Yes — the Ancient Monuments Act criminalises damaging, defacing, or illegally altering a protected monument, and separate customs/antiquities laws restrict exporting culturally significant objects.

The text above reproduces Article 49 of the Constitution of India as amended to date, for general educational reference. It is public-domain legislative text, but we recommend cross-checking the authoritative version at legislative.gov.in or india.gov.in before relying on it for a legal matter. The explanation, examples and FAQs are general information, not legal advice — consult a qualified advocate for guidance on your specific situation.